Art History: Sienese School: (1200 - 1400)
The Sienese School of oil painting originated in Italy in the 13th century and lasted until the 15th century. More conservative than the Florentine School, it drew upon the decoration and elegance of late Gothic art. Its principle artists include Duccio, Simone Martini, Pietro and Ambrogio Lorenzetti, and Domenico and Taddeo di Bartolo. Later significant additions to the Sienese School were Mannerist painters, Beccafumi and Sodoma.

Art History: School of Paris and Artist: (1600 - )
Paris was the main center of international art until after World War II. Artists traveled there to learn of the developing innovations in modern art. The term encompasses more than one style and movement; including fauvism, cubism, and orphism. Even with New York City emergence as a center of international art, Paris has continued to this day to produce artists of major significance.

Jean Fautrier (1898 - 1964)
Jean Fautrier is best remembered for his painting series, Homage that is based on the tragedies of World War II. The oil paintings were created by layering heavy paint, giving them an abstract quality. They were first shown at the Galerie Rene Drouin in Paris in1945 and were very well received. Fautrier became a leading figure of the School of Paris and also has been seen as a forerunner of Art Informel. He also won the Grand Prix at the Venice Biennale in 1960.